1. Bowl: This is the rounded, usually tapered part of the glass where the wine is poured. The shape of the bowl is crucial as it affects the wine's exposure to air, which can influence its aroma and flavor. Red wine glasses typically have larger, rounder bowls to allow for more aeration, while white wine glasses have smaller bowls to preserve the wine's more delicate aromas.

2. Rim: The top edge of the glass where you drink from. Ideally, it should be thin and smooth to ensure the wine flows easily onto the palate. The shape of the rim can also affect how the wine hits your taste buds.

3. Stem: The stem is the long, thin part of the glass that you hold onto. It serves a practical purpose, keeping your hand from warming up the wine in the bowl. This is more critical for white wines, which are typically served chilled, but it's generally a good practice for any wine to maintain its ideal temperature.

4. Base: The bottom of the glass, which provides stability. It's wider than the stem and keeps the glass upright on the table.

5. Foot: Some wine glasses have a small, flat base below the bowl, which provides additional stability. This is more common in larger or more formal wine glasses.

Different types of wine have their specific glasses, but if we were to generalize:

• Red Wine Glass: Has a larger bowl, allowing for more aeration to enhance the wine's bold flavors and aromas. The larger bowl also provides more space for swirling, which can release more aromas. Examples include Bordeaux glasses and Burgundy glasses, each designed for the specific characteristics of those wines.

• White Wine Glass: Typically has a smaller bowl compared to red wine glasses to preserve the more delicate aromas of white wines. The narrower opening helps direct the wine to the tip of the tongue, where the taste buds for sweetness are located. Examples include Chardonnay glasses and Sauvignon Blanc glasses.

• Sparkling Wine Glass (Flute): These glasses are tall and narrow, helping to preserve the bubbles in sparkling wines like Champagne. The shape also helps to showcase the rising bubbles and concentrates the aromas.

• Dessert Wine Glass: Smaller than standard wine glasses, dessert wine glasses have a small bowl to concentrate the intense aromas of these sweet, fortified wines.

Of course, there are many variations and nuances within these categories, and glassware preferences can be quite personal. But the main idea is that the shape of the glass can significantly impact the tasting experience of the wine.