Tamili Sugarcane Jaggery, commonly known as "Tamili Vellam" or "Panam Kalkandu" in Tamil Nadu, India, is a traditional sweetener and culinary ingredient made from the concentrated juice of sugarcane. Here's a description of Tamili Sugarcane Jaggery:

1. Appearance: Tamili Sugarcane Jaggery is typically sold as irregular-shaped, dark brown to golden-brown blocks or chunks. It may also be available in powdered or granulated form for convenient use in recipes.

2. Flavor: It is known for its distinct, rich, and earthy flavor, often described as a blend of caramel, toffee, and molasses. This unique taste adds depth and complexity to dishes it is used in.

3. Sweetness: Tamili Sugarcane Jaggery is notably sweet but offers a nuanced sweetness that is less intense than refined white sugar. This complexity in sweetness enhances the overall flavor of dishes.

4. Nutritional Benefits: Jaggery is valued for retaining some natural nutrients during its preparation, including vitamins (such as B vitamins) and minerals (like iron, potassium, and calcium). It is considered a healthier alternative to white sugar.

5. Culinary Uses: Tamili Sugarcane Jaggery is a versatile ingredient used in a wide range of South Indian dishes. It is a crucial component in traditional sweets like payasam, adhirasam, and paniyaram. Additionally, it is used in savory dishes, such as sambar and rasam, to balance flavors and add a touch of sweetness. It is also a key ingredient in beverages like masala chai.

6. Health Benefits: Some believe that jaggery has medicinal properties and is used to alleviate common ailments such as colds, coughs, and digestive issues. It is also thought to provide a natural source of energy.